Alarmed the Christians who were worried about Jerusalem
After Seljuk's took over Palestine tales reached Europe about bad things
Christians feared not being able to visit Jerusalem
With concern over the Seljuk's this paved the path to the crusades
11.3-The Story of the Crusades by Maya
[[#|The First Crusade]] (1096-1099) - Four nobles led this crusade - 30,000 crusaders fought through Anatolia then headed towards Palestine - After nine months, a traitor let them through. Antioch fell to the Christians - The [[#|next]] June, the crusaders surrounded Jerusalem until that city surrendered - The crusaders (feeling victorious) massacred Muslims and Jews - Some crusaders went back home, but some stayed and established four crusader kingdoms
The Second Crusade (1146- 1148) - As the Muslims started to band back together they fought back - 1144 was when they captured Edessa, the [[#|capital]] of one of the crusader kingdoms - The Christians responded with the Second Crusade - The Second Crusade ended in failure
An army from Germany was badly beaten
50,000 crusaders marched to a place near Edessa
The Muslims from Edessa came to defense and beat back the crusaders
Soon after, the French army went home, ending this crusade
The Third Crusade (1189-1192) - Muslims became stronger - Salah al-Din had formed the largest empire since the Seljuks - He led a renewed fight against crusaders in the Holy Land - Salah al-Din quickly took back most of Palestine while his army captured Jerusalem - The loss of their holy land shocked Europeans and started the Third Crusade - King Richard 1 of England (Richard the Lion-heart) led this crusade determined - In 1191, Richard's army forced the surrender on the Palestinian town of Acre - Richard then ordered his army to kill all 2,700 of his Muslim prisoners - He fought his way back to Jerusalem but his army did not have enough strength - In September 1192, Salah al-Din and Richard 1 signed a peace treaty = No More Crusades!
Later Crusades - 1212 children started the "Children's Crusade"
Few reached holy city
Some reached European port cities which then were sold into slavery
Some returned home and some disappeared
- No later crusade [[#|succeeded]] in recapturing Jerusalem
The Reconquista - Crusaders warred against Muslims in Europe - Over time, Christian rulers fought away at Muslim lands - Muslims gradually gave up more and more territory - In the late 1400s, Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand wanted to unite Spain - The used Inquisition, a church court, against Muslims and Jews - They also sent armies against Granada - In 1492, the city fell and Muslims lost their hold on Spain - The same year Jews were told to become Catholic or leave the country - More than 170,000 Jews left their homes forever
11.4 Christians and the crusades- by Gisel
-Christians reaped many [[#|benefits]] from the crusades
-Christians were wounded or killed
Change
-great economic changes
-increased use of money
-began [[#|banking]] functions
-kings started [[#|tax]] systems
-monarchs grew more powerful
-help end feudalism
Learning about new foods
-taste for melons, apricots, [[#|sesame seeds]], carob beans
-pepper
Trade
-more money because of new goods
Individuals
-Richard I
-led the third crusade
-devoted to the Christian cause
-devoted to knightly ideals of courage and honor
-spent most of reign on the crusades
-Anna Commena
-daughter of Byzintine emperor
-wrote about expierence in first crusade
-mixed feelings about crusaders
-respected Christians, but realized that many were dangerous
11.5 Muslims and the crusades-by Gisel
less benefits for Muslmis than Christians
-new weapons
-new military skills
trade
-more riches for Muslim merchants
deaths
- number osf of Muslims lost lives in battle and massacres
Salah al-Din
-greatest Muslim leader during the crusades
-saw that Muslims needed to defend themselves and Islam
-Muslims neede to be organized/cooperate with one another to have more success in the crusades
-unified groups
Usamah
-respected Christiens and Jews
-fought fearlessley against crusaders
-wrote about some crusades
11.6 Jews and the Crusades- by Maddie J.
- violent persecutions
-tortured Jews to convert to Christianity
-forced to live in ghettos
-many Jews massacred
-forced to flee and leave belongings
Eliezar ben Nathan
- wrote about violent destruction of communities in First Crusade
- hated crusaders and wondered why God let so many Jews die
Eleazar ben Judah
- Second crusade= forced to leave town
- several years later, 2 crusaders attacked his family and killed his wife and childeren
- continued to preach love to all humanity
11.7 The Mongol Invasion- by Maddie J.
- Muslims faced Mongols
-
Mongols began converting to Islam
- Helped bring unity to their empire
Made Persian the language of government
-Rebuilt cities they had destroyed and encouraged learning,
the arts, and trade
-One of the largest empires the world has ever seen
11.2- Events Leading up to the Crusades
by Maya
11.3-The Story of the Crusades
by Maya
[[#|The First Crusade]] (1096-1099)
- Four nobles led this crusade
- 30,000 crusaders fought through Anatolia then headed towards Palestine
- After nine months, a traitor let them through. Antioch fell to the Christians
- The [[#|next]] June, the crusaders surrounded Jerusalem until that city surrendered
- The crusaders (feeling victorious) massacred Muslims and Jews
- Some crusaders went back home, but some stayed and established four crusader kingdoms
The Second Crusade (1146- 1148)
- As the Muslims started to band back together they fought back
- 1144 was when they captured Edessa, the [[#|capital]] of one of the crusader kingdoms
- The Christians responded with the Second Crusade
- The Second Crusade ended in failure
The Third Crusade (1189-1192)
- Muslims became stronger
- Salah al-Din had formed the largest empire since the Seljuks
- He led a renewed fight against crusaders in the Holy Land
- Salah al-Din quickly took back most of Palestine while his army captured Jerusalem
- The loss of their holy land shocked Europeans and started the Third Crusade
- King Richard 1 of England (Richard the Lion-heart) led this crusade determined
- In 1191, Richard's army forced the surrender on the Palestinian town of Acre
- Richard then ordered his army to kill all 2,700 of his Muslim prisoners
- He fought his way back to Jerusalem but his army did not have enough strength
- In September 1192, Salah al-Din and Richard 1 signed a peace treaty = No More Crusades!
Later Crusades
- 1212 children started the "Children's Crusade"
- Few reached holy city
- Some reached European port cities which then were sold into slavery
- Some returned home and some disappeared
- No later crusade [[#|succeeded]] in recapturing JerusalemThe Reconquista
- Crusaders warred against Muslims in Europe
- Over time, Christian rulers fought away at Muslim lands
- Muslims gradually gave up more and more territory
- In the late 1400s, Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand wanted to unite Spain
- The used Inquisition, a church court, against Muslims and Jews
- They also sent armies against Granada
- In 1492, the city fell and Muslims lost their hold on Spain
- The same year Jews were told to become Catholic or leave the country
- More than 170,000 Jews left their homes forever
11.4 Christians and the crusades- by Gisel
-Christians reaped many [[#|benefits]] from the crusades
-Christians were wounded or killed
- Change
-great economic changes-increased use of money
-began [[#|banking]] functions
-kings started [[#|tax]] systems
-monarchs grew more powerful
-help end feudalism
Learning about new foods
-taste for melons, apricots, [[#|sesame seeds]], carob beans
-pepper
- Trade
-more money because of new goods- Individuals
-Richard I-led the third crusade
-devoted to the Christian cause
-devoted to knightly ideals of courage and honor
-spent most of reign on the crusades
-Anna Commena
-daughter of Byzintine emperor
-wrote about expierence in first crusade
-mixed feelings about crusaders
-respected Christians, but realized that many were dangerous
11.5 Muslims and the crusades-by Gisel
- less benefits for Muslmis than Christians
-new weapons-new military skills
- trade
-more riches for Muslim merchants- deaths
- number osf of Muslims lost lives in battle and massacres- Salah al-Din
-greatest Muslim leader during the crusades-saw that Muslims needed to defend themselves and Islam
-Muslims neede to be organized/cooperate with one another to have more success in the crusades
-unified groups
- Usamah
-respected Christiens and Jews-fought fearlessley against crusaders
-wrote about some crusades
11.6 Jews and the Crusades- by Maddie J.
- violent persecutions
-tortured Jews to convert to Christianity
-forced to live in ghettos
-many Jews massacred
-forced to flee and leave belongings
Eliezar ben Nathan
- wrote about violent destruction of communities in First Crusade
- hated crusaders and wondered why God let so many Jews die
Eleazar ben Judah
- Second crusade= forced to leave town
- several years later, 2 crusaders attacked his family and killed his wife and childeren
- continued to preach love to all humanity
11.7 The Mongol Invasion- by Maddie J.
- Muslims faced Mongols
-
Mongols began converting to Islam
- Helped bring unity to their empire
Made Persian the language of government
-Rebuilt cities they had destroyed and encouraged learning,
the arts, and trade
-One of the largest empires the world has ever seen